Carbureter.



R. H. SMIUE.

CARBURETER.

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ROBERT H. ySMI'LIE, 0F BERKELFI, CALIFORNIA.'

CARBURETER.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented May is, i915.

' Application led February i2, 1912. Serial No. 677,198.

y Taall ulzom 'it may concern Be it known that I, ROBERT HoWAaD fSMrLVIs, ycitizen ofthe United States, residingat Berkeley, in the county of Alameda i y and State of California, have invented neT "1' f and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of

1 which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carbureters and particularly to a carbureter for use in automobiles and where it is highly desirable to have a correct mixture under alll conditions of speed, load and throttling.

In connection With this invention atten- Y f .tion is directed to the important principles of i I. I nfluenee of celoczy/ of au" passzng @nto carburization zt/Le, chamber upon the flow 0fv fuel through t needle or fuel relaxe-In order that a homogeneous mixture of fuel and air may` result from the suction causedby the increased velocity of air passing through an orifice, an added 4proportion of fuel mustbe needle or fuel valve.

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:pendent upon three determining influences,

assured above that passing a set opening -of It must be remembered that thev velocity of air is mainly der namely, the throttle, the speed of the en- :gine (this speed being inuenced by the load l or any particular case) and the resistance 1 30Nimposed by lthe air valve.

' i 2. Influence of the relative height of fuel fuel level willA cause a relatively much 4 greater suction to become necessary to dra-W Mithe'correct proportion of fuel.

(As demonistrated by the vfact that an automobile racjing driver raises the iioat level until gaso- 'lene almost overflows frpm the needle valve f: and slackens the spring on the air valve,

thus reducing the vacuum necessary to draw ,igasolene at high speed, with a consequent gain in power, but irregular running at low speed'owing to an excess of gasolene.) 3.; Influence of chant/ang speed of engine,

and loud upon same, upon velocity 0f az'r entering curliurezer ref/(ml to #Le proper "'fopenz'ng of .nee/.lle ral/re unal flow 0f fuel.

air an ripening, in which case the added propor- 55.

lt is apparent that an engine running under av load resistance which is in direct propor- 'tion to the speed ofthe engine, Will draw fuel in proportion to the throttle 'tion of fuel necessary for a correct mixture, may be maintained by connecting the needle of the needle valve by the interconnection of needle valve andl throttle. This also holds true in regard to the interconnection ofl the air valve and throttle. Thus it will be seen that the flow of air passing into themixing chamber and cylinders .is dependent upon several factors having no ixedrelation to one another. Consequently, the throttle cannot be used to control the How of fuel which must be inproportion to the flow of air to the cylinders. There is one factor however, t'. e. the air valve opening of the carbureter which is in proportion to the flow of air and according to the right principles of carburiza't'ion the fuel valve opening must vary in direct proportion to the low'of air.

The purpose of the present invention has been to design acarbureter on scientificprinciples 1n which the fuel valve opening is adapted to vary in direct proportion to the flow of air or movementof the air valve, the opening of which latter is in direct proportion'to the flow of-air.; andA to devise means whereby for any particular case this variation `of the fuel valve is readily adjustable to meetI varying conditions of temperature, altitude, gravity of fuel7 etc.; all Without interferencejwitli Ithe mixing chamber and throttle, which latter must perform its function without consideration of any other factor.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combination Aof parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to i the 'accompany-.

ing drawings, in Which-'- Figure l .is a vertical section ofthe invention. Fig, 2 is a plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the invention.

` A is a water-jacketed casing inclosing a mixing chamber 2 and having initial air inlet 3. f

4 is a throttle controlling the flow of the explosive mixture (which is here 'supposed to be proper proportions of air and gasolene) to the cylinders.

B is a float chamber clamped tothe underside of the mixing chamber casing A by' means of a nut 5 screwing on to the de is'. V

pendent tubular projection or column 6 cast or otherwise formed on the underside of cas- 7 is. afloat disposed in the iloat chamber, in which latter gasolene or other suitable fuel is admitted as at 8.

9 is the 'air inlet valve seating upwardly against the removable annular seat 10, which is adapted to be removably held in place on the casing A by the screws-11. Valve 9 is normally seated by the helical spring 12.

I Air valve 9 is screwed or otherwise suitably in the mechanism. Above the piston portiony 17 the sleeve 15 is reduc d. as shown at 19; this reduced portion being hollow and perforated as shown at 20 to admit the gasolene4 25'L into the interior of the sleeve and when needle valve 21 is opened'to be drawnupwardly through the sleeve and tube 13 into the mixing chamber 2. At the same time some air is drawn in through the auxiliary screened air space 22 and ports 23 and through the space between the enlarged part of the sleeve 15 and tube 13 and around the lower end of the latter.

The needle valve 21 seats in the lower contracted end of the sleeve 15 and has a sliding fit through the top of the valve 9 and is adjustably secured in a block 24, which is yieldably supported on valve 9 by spring 25.

26, is 'a slotted lever fulcrumed at one end at 27 on the arm 28 which latter -is fulcrumed at 29 on a lug on the air valve seat 10.

30 is an upwardly projecting lug on valve 9, which carries a pin 31 embraced by the forks forming the slot 32 in the lever 26. The pivot 29 and pin 31 arein axial line and both are shown as disposed inV the plane of the needle valve 21. Lever'26 has an offset arm 26 bearing on ythe spring supported 'block 24. The upper portion of the needle 'valve'is threaded so' as to be adjustable in the block 24.

33 isa crank formed on arm 28; the design being in practice to connect this arm 33 by means of a link 33 with a lever in' convenient reach of the-operator whereby y the arm 28 can be rocked on its pivot and therefore shift the fulcrum 27 of the lever 26, for the purpose shortly to be described.

"Assuming the parts to be in the position of Fig. 1 with slotted lever 26 horizontaLthe operation is as follows: The needle valve 21 which screws through the Moloch 24 is turnedruntil the correct .fuel ope: ing for low speed i obtained for the air, which enters throng ports 23 and sleeve 15 and tube 13, and also passage 3, said passage having a shutter 3 by which said passage may be closed more or less allowing an increased suction to give a richer. mixture for use lin starting; this adjustment of the needle valve` being designed to givea correctiamount 'of fuel to .mix with the initial. air, with the' engine'running at lowest speed and. before the air valve 9 begins to open:` As the en gine speeds up and increases the suction the air valve 9 opens, causing tube 13 and sleeve '15 to move downward in unison withit. At the same time the screw or pin 31 on lug 30 acts to carry the lever 26 downward;

and as the lever 26 bears upon the block .14, :i

and as the needle valve is firmly locked in block 24, the needle valve is also carrieddown in unison with the air valve 9 thus not changing the needle valve opening. How# ever, it is desirable to increase the opening of the fuel valve' 1n proportion as' the air' valve opensA for the higher speeds, but thisvariation of the fuel valve opening must bear a direct proportion of the air valve opening, which proportion is capable of variation at will. Therefore, as a greater proportion of fuel to air is needed the lever 26 is tilted by rocking crank 33 and arm 28; the are 35 representing the .locus'of the pin4 27. As the lever' 26 is swung upward from a horizontal position the downward movement of the needle valve 21 is gradually shortened by reason of the disposition of the parts and the action of the pin 31 in slot 32.

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For instance, if arm 28 and lever 26 were Y swung to a vertical position,'the'pin 31 on the air valve lug would not change the position of the lever 26 at all, as the pin would travel vertically in the vertically located slot 32, with the consequence that the needle valve would stand still but its seat in sleeve 15 would be continually moving away from it, as the air valve opens. Thus it will be seen that when the lever 26 is horizontal the fuel valve opening remains constant, irrespective of the amount'v of opening of the air valve 9, or theiamount ofair drawn into the mixing chamber; and that as `the lever 26 is swung upward the needle valve travels downward at a proportionately slower rate than the air valve, which latter carries the seat of the needle valve, thus increasing the .needlel valve opening to any proportion desired, according t o this adjustment. The more the lever 26 1s tilted from the horizontal the more the needle valve 21 lags behind its seat asthe valve 9 c ens.

y means'of the lever, or swinging 4fnlcrum adjustment, I am able to vary the proportions of fuel and air without changing the low speed initial adjustment and therefore can run the engine at moderately high Speed under load, and make this ustment, thus insuring a correct mixture under all conditions of speedload and tlirottling.

By this arrangement the valve spring 12 may be made comparatively light, thereby reducing the vacuum; the use of this light Y adjustment of the needle valve 21 in block 24, and of the lever V26, amply take care of any variation necessary, leaving the device so simple in regard to adjustment that an entirely inexperienced person can .adjust it perfectly.

Another advantage of this device is the' `use of the plunger or dash-pot 17 at the lower end of the column 6 to prevent chat-I tering or vibration of the mechanism.

It is manifest or possible that the construction herein specified may be varied Without departing from the principle of the invention, and I desire it to be understood that the invention is not limitedoto .any specific form or arrangement of parts, except in so far as such limitations or their mechanical equivalents vare specified inthe claims.

Having thus described my invention what Iy claim and desire'to' secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In a carb'ureter, the combination of a casing having an air inlety and 4a fuel inlet, with corresponding air and fuel valves, of a lever which is slotted at one end, a pin carried by the. air valve fitting the slot, said lever having a fulcrum adjustable in an arc which is concentric with said pin in the closed position of the air valve, and means connected with the fuel inlet valve whereby l the opening of the latter is` made to vary with respect to the opening of the air valve accordingly as the fulcrum of said lever is moved.

2. In a carbureter, the combination with a y casing having an air inlet anda fuel inlet,

opposite direction it opens proportionally less.

3. In a carbureter, the combination of a lever to control the yfuel valve. 4. Ina carbureter, the combination cfa mixing chamber, an air inlet valve andafuel.-

of the lever having a connection with tlie `air-'4 valve and saidplever forming an abutment to 'Y limit the opening movement of the yfuel valve wlierebv the air valve operates through the4 inlet valve, a lever having a movable'fulfll crum at one end, the locus of said fulcrum n being an arc, the opposite end of the lever, A' the vair valve operating4 through the leverI controls the fuel valve,l` 5. In a carbureter, the combination offal i l mixing chamber, anv air inlet valve, a .fuel 1 l inlet valve and a lever whichA connects with i and controls the fuel inlet valve and whose position is arcuately: adjustable about a l having a connection with tlieair valve, and. means whereby means provided for said 'levers .operationbyp the air Valve.

.6. In a carbureter, vthecoinbinationfoflal mixing chamber, an air inletvalve, av fuel;

inlet valve, a lever connecting both valveS, .f, said lever fulcrumed on an .arm which-isi. ."mounted for arcuate ,imovement seas tri- A Achange the position of the fulcrum of saidf lever, means to effect a lowspeedinitial adv-,1 justment, and `a high-speedadjustment ins` oluding means by which said lever is operated upon by one of said valves to cause the 190 other valveto have va proportional opening and closing movement in unison therewith. 7. In a` carbureter, the combination of vanfg' air inlet valve and a fuel inlet valve, having respective seats, means by which the fuel valve-seat moves in unison with the air inlet valve, and means by which thefuel valve is made to lag behind its seat when the air inlet valve opens.

8. The combination in a carbureter having an air inlet and a fuel inlet, of a yvalve for the air inlet anda needle valvd'for the fuel inlet, a valve-seat for the fuel inlet valve carried by the air inlet valve, and means by which the needle valve-seat moves away from the needle valve as the airinlet valve opens.

\ '9'. In a carbuieter, the combination of a 'i casing having a mixing chamber, the outlet of which is throttle controlled, said mixing chamber provided with an air inlet valve and a fuel inlet valve, said air inlet'valve carrying the seat'for the fuel inlet valve, and means for adjustably supporting' the fuel valve whereby the relative movement on its seat with respect to the fuel valve, may

be varied correspondingly with the desired variations in the proportion of air and fnel.

10, In a carbureter, 'the combination of a mixing chamber having an air inlet an'd a fuel inlet, an air valve the fuel inlet provided by a sleeve member carried by the air valve, .said sleeve member operating in a cylinder and ha ving a portion co-acting with the cylinder as a dash-pot, a' fuel valve carried by the air valve, and means for adjustably supporting said fuel valve with respect to its seat whereby the proportion of the opening of the fuel valve to the air valve may be varied vwhile the engine is running. 1l. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing having a mixing chamber, said mixing chamber provided With an air inlet valve and a fuel inlet valve, a block yieldably supported on the air valve, said fuel valve adjustably supported on the block and having a seat carried by the air valve, a forked lever bearing onthe' block and having a movable fulcrum, the forked end of-the lever pivoting on the air valve, said fulcrum for the lever adjustable in an arc concentric with said pivot. l

12. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing having a mixing chamber provided with an air inlet valve; and a needle fueljvalve, a seat for the needle fuel valve car- 'ried by the air inlet valve, a block yieldably supported on the air inlet valve and in which block the needle valve is `adjustable,

forked `lever bearing on thev block, said air vinletA valve having. a4 pin straddled by the forksof the lever, an arm pivoted in the line of the axis of the pin and independent. of the air valve, said lever fulcruming on said arm. i

13, In a carbureter, the/combination of a mixing chamber having an air -inlet valve,

a liquid fuel containing chamber below and mesma one of said valves and the other end hav-V ing a fulcrum which is adjustable in anr arc, said lever also operatively connected With the other valve whereby the proportional opening of the tivo valves With respect to one another is variablefat the Wi'llof the operator. 15. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber, an air valve and a fuel valve, means for effecting a 10W-speed initial A adjustment for the fuel valve and air valve,

and a high-speed adjustment including a lever fulcrumed on an arm which is mount-V ed for arcuate movement and which lever is connected With both valves for varying the relative movement of the 'fuel and air valves without changing the low-speed initial adjustment. v

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of tvvo subscribing witnesses'.

ROBERT H. SMILE.

' VVitnessesf:

-CHARLEsEDELMAm *l y J. M. KNUDSEN. 

